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Clinical Psychology 821

  • 18:821:535 - Psychoanalytic Theories of Personality & Psychopathology

    A comparative study of the major psychoanalytic understandings of personality and psychopathology. Readings will address the contributions of Freud and ego psychology, Sullivan and contemporary interpersonalists, British object relations theories, self-psychology, and contemporary relational psychoanalysis. Readings, class discussion, and presentations will also address special topics like trauma, attachment, and neuroscience. While this is a theoretical course, clinical material may be presented by students or instructor to illustrate concepts.  Prerequisites: For clinical students: Psychodynamic Interview. For all students: Foundations of Intervention. School psychology students without the Psychodynamic Interview course may be welcome with the permission of the instructor. Others are welcome with permission of instructor.

  • 18:821:538 - Treatment At-Risk Ethnic Minority Adolescents in Clinics and Schools

    Addresses the treatment of at-risk, ethnic-minority adolescents in clinics and schools. Explores culture dynamics for African-American and Latino adolescents and their families. Provides clinical as well as school-based interventions. The course will include individual, group, and family therapy interventions. The multisystems model will be introduced as a conceptual framework for comprehensive work with adolescents. Motivational interviewing techniques will be taught as an evidence-based individual treatment that is particularly useful with adolescents who are initially resistant to treatment. The issues of violence prevention and gang involvement in schools and communities will be explored. SANKOFA, a culturally sensitive, evidence-based group treatment intervention will be discussed. Strategies for involving ethnic minority families in our treatment interventions in clinics and schools will be explored throughout the course

  • 18:821:547 - Introduction to Group Psychotherapy

    The study of group leadership and group therapy from a psychodynamic perspective covered through lectures and readings; experiential process group and/or observation of an ongoing psychotherapy group; sharing or group leadership experiences; and observation of videotapes.

  • 18:821:555 - Applications of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety nd Depression

    This course focuses on the clinical application of specific behavioral and cognitive principles and practices that are used with adults with anxiety and depression. The focus is on adult populations, but the principles and practices have broad applicability. Principles will include cognitive and learning theories. Practices will include case conceptualization, treatment planning, progress/outcomes monitoring, exposure-based interventions, behavioral activation, and cognitive restructuring. The course will also expose students to third wave practices, such as mindfulness and values-based behavioral approaches (e.g., Acceptance and Commitment Therapy). Students are required to complete an experiential component of the course, which typically entails applying course-taught techniques with a case that the student is seeing through the school clinic or at the student's external practicum.

    Prerequisites: 18:820:504 (school), 820:509 (clinical) or instructor's approval.

  • 18:821:555 - Training, Supervision, and Consultation: Expanded Roles in Competencies of Health Service Psychologists

    The professional roles of psychologists are ever-expanding and today's clinical psychologists must be prepared to assume multiple roles throughout one's career. This class is designed to expose students to the current body of research on training, clinical supervision, and professional consultation in psychology. Training refers to the educational and instructional processes involved in the initial (e.g., graduate education) or ongoing (e.g., continuing education) learning to establish competence as a psychologist. Supervision refers to mentored activities that influence a provider's direct or indirect service with clients of psychological care. Consultation refers to a diverse array of activities wherein psychologists provide specialty services or work in collaboration across professions and in diverse settings (e.g., medical, school, forensic, business). The course includes multiple experiential assignments and learning opportunities to begin the student's development in training and supervisory competencies.

    Prerequisite: Must be a third-year clinical student or above.

  • 18:821:557 - Serious Mental Illness: Hospital and Community Care

    Introduces modern therapeutic approaches to the treatment of serious mental illness. Topics covered include: treatment of basic psychopathology and core psychological issues involved in recovery; evolution and rationale of various approaches to and components of hospital and community care; and special systematic and clinical issues associated work with this population (e.g., interaction with physicians, use of restraints, medical-legal issues, etc.)

  • 18:821:558 - Learning Disabilities - Adult

    Training in psychological assessment and integrative report writing is a fundamental and necessary requisite for being a well-rounded psychologist. The primary objective of this course is to teach and train students on individual psychological tests (cognitive, academic, neuropsychological, objective personality) in preparation for conducting cognitive evaluations through the GSAPP Center for Psychological Services Clinic. Through didactic lecture, experiential group exercises, and group supervision of cases, students are expected to demonstrate knowledge and competency in the administration, scoring, and interpretation of various assessment tools, and understand how foundations of assessment are relevant to the field. In addition to providing training on particular assessment tools, the course is also designed to expose students to a range of disorders that are commonly assessed using cognitive measures (ADHD, Specific Learning Disorder, etc.). This course is designed for student interaction and application of principles offsets and measurement. The didactic component of the course will be expanded by case data presentations, pragmatic experiential experiences (e.g., in-class mock administration/scoring of measures), and group discussion of cases.

  • 18:821:562 - Behavioral Couples Therapy

    Introduces students to national couple trends and normative couple behavior. Teaches theoretical and empirical bases of behavioral couples therapy and clinical applications. Topics include interviewing; ethics; self-report and observational assessment procedures; treatment planning; intervention techniques such as behavior exchange, communication, and problem solving; and cognitive and affective interventions. Applies behavioral couples therapy to couples from diverse ethnic/racial backgrounds and to gay/lesbian couples.

  • 18:821:568 - Eating and Weight Disorders

    Provides an overview of the epidemiology, causes, and treatment of obesity and eating disorders. The focus is on the interplay among biological, psychological, and cultural factors of the development and maintenance of these disorders. Open to students from doctoral programs in psychology and nutrition.

  • 18:821:603 - Psychotherapy Integration

    This seminar covers the history of psychotherapy integration, the major established approaches to psychotherapy integration with individuals and couples, application of integration to DSM-5 disorders, research on psychotherapy integration, and the future of psychotherapy integration. All major models of psychotherapy can be considered for integration within this class. Students will learn several evolving perspectives on psychotherapy integration, demonstrate familiarity with several specific models of combining treatments from different psychotherapy orientations, learn and demonstrate their own coherent application of the material, and demonstrate familiarity with the empirical support that these treatments have received. The course considers diverse clients and multiple disorders and problems to which psychotherapy integration can be applied. It also provides a space for students to consider the any of various established treatment models that excite them and combine them in a coherent and useful fashion, thus building on what they have learned from the foundations and single orientation classes they have had thus far.

  • 18:821:605 - Integrative Perspectives on Trauma

    Introduces students to the theory and practice of trauma work, defined as assessment and intervention with individuals, families and communities that are exposed to a variety of traumatic events and experiences, ranging from individual victimization to large-scale complex emergencies. The course, which focuses primarily on working with adults, takes an integrative perspective; presenting three major theoretical/conceptual approaches to trauma work (cognitive behavioral, psychodynamic, and psychosocial), it then presents a conceptual and clinical framework for meaningful integration of these theoretical perspectives.  Combining clinical and community/ecological perspectives on trauma, aspects of trauma work  ranging from specific, evidence-informed interventions for traumatized individuals to broader, internationally based psychosocial interventions for communities and populations, are presented for critical review. Informed by a philosophy and value of cultural responsiveness, the course examines the applicability and appropriateness of major trauma interventions for specific cultural, racial and ethnic communities. 

  • 18:821:608 - Clinical Research and Treatment for Youth Anxiety and Depression

    This clinical applications coursewill provide didactic and experiential training in state-of-the-art diagnostic,assessment, and treatment procedures for youth anxiety and mood disorders (ages8-17). Course 608 is run in the fall and is open to anyone. Course 609 runsin the spring and is only open to students who are selected for the YouthAnxiety and Depression Clinic practicum. In the fall (608) course, studentswill become competent in the administration of a structured diagnosticinterview (e.g., Anxiety Disorders Interview Scale; Child Depression RatingScale) and objective measurement (e.g., Multidimensional Anxiety Scale forChildren, Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale). Students will develop aknowledge base of theoretical and empirical research on the phenomenology,assessment, and treatment of internalizing disorders in youth, focusing onevidence-based protocols. Students will receive didactic and experientialtraining in multiple manual-based treatments, including the Coping Cat, Primaryand Secondary Enhancement Therapy, and the Individual Behavioral ActivationTherapy protocols. Students who enroll for the course may also participate in aclinical research setting, recruiting research participants, collecting data,administering assessments, and providing treatment. This will provide a modelfor how research can be completed within a service setting. Students mustreceive permission from the instructor prior to enrolling for or attending thiscourse.

    Student must be selected by instructor to take this course.

  • 18:821:610 - Adv Studies: Clinical Psychology

  • 18:821:612 - Fundamentals of Dialectical Behavior Therapy

    Familiarizes students with dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), an evidence based psychosocial treatment initially developed for suicidal individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Students will be taught the primary theories, principles, and strategies that inform DBT. Students will also become familiar with the latest research on DBT for BPD as well as adaptations for other populations. Lecture, demonstration, multimedia applications, and group discussion will be used as the primary teaching methods. DBT is a complex treatment with multiple facets. This course will be a necessary prerequisite before using DBT in an applied setting

  • 18:821:613 - Dialectical Behavior Therapy In Practice

    Focuses on the clinical application of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), an evidence based treatment designed for individuals with borderline personality disorder and comorbid psychological disorders. Students learn how to conduct a multidimensional assessment using structured clinical interviews, generate a DBT case conceptualization, and implement DBT. Students will have a variety of opportunities to gain experiential practice that may include DBT individual therapy, co-therapy on a DBT case, rating tapes of DBT sessions, and/or co-leading DBT skills-training groups. The emphasis for experiential practice will be on developing adherence to the DBT model, maintaining fidelity to the model, and conducting outcomes and psychotherapy process assessment in clinical cases. Topics will focus primarily on adult cases. This course is part of a 1-2 year practicum experience.

    Prerequisites: 18:821:612 and/or instructor's approval.

  • 18:821:614 - Practice of DBT II

    This course is the second of a yearlong sequence that focuses on the clinical application of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), an evidence-based treatment designed for individuals with borderline personality disorder and comorbid psychological disorders. Students learn how to conduct a multidimensional assessment using structured clinical interviews, generate a DBT case conceptualization, and implement DBT. Students will have a variety of opportunities to gain experiential practice that may include DBT individual therapy, co-therapy on a DBT case, rating tapes of DBT sessions, and/or co-leading DBT skills training groups. The emphasis for experiential practice will be on developing adherence to the DBT model, maintaining fidelity to the model, and conducting outcomes and psychotherapy process assessment in clinical cases. Topics will focus primarily on adult cases. This course is part of a one-to-two year practicum experience.

    Prerequisites: 18:821:613 and instructor's approval.

  • 18:821:615 - Family Therapy

    Discusses family systems theory as a new paradigm for conceptualizing human dilemmas; major theoreticians and schools in the family therapy field; core concepts and their relevance for the clinical application; phases of psychotherapy with a family, basic interventions, implementation of change, and the main attitudes of a family therapist exemplified through clinical experiences; formulation of a psychosocial assessment of a family system with the therapist's use of self within the "therapeutic system." Participants study their own clinical work and focus on specific strategies of intervention according to different types of families. Family therapy case with supervision required.

    This is a yearlong course; both semesters required.
    Prerequisites: Advanced standing. Previous counseling/therapy experience and coursework required.

  • 18:821:616 - Family Therapy

    Discusses family systems theory as a new paradigm for conceptualizing human dilemmas; major theoreticians and schools in the family therapy field; core concepts and their relevance for the clinical application; phases of psychotherapy with a family, basic interventions, implementation of change, and the main attitudes of a family therapist exemplified through clinical experiences; formulation of a psychosocial assessment of a family system with the therapist's use of self within the "therapeutic system." Participants study their own clinical work and focus on specific strategies of intervention according to different types of families. Family therapy case with supervision required.

  • 18:821:617 - Psychoanalytic Case Formulation & Diagnosis

    This is a year-long course designed to be an intensive case seminar for intermediate and advanced doctoral students who are currently treating at least one child or adult psychotherapy client from a psychoanalytic perspective.  This course will utilize clinical experiences with adult and child psychotherapy clients to focus on complex clinical issues in psychodynamic psychotherapy, integrating case presentations with assigned reading from the empirical, theoretical/clinical, and professional literatures.  Over the course of the academic year, students will have several opportunities to present diagnostic and session material, as well as to develop supervisory and consultation skills.  This course also offers an exciting opportunity to learn from and to receive case consultation from senior clinicians at the Austen Riggs Center, a residential psychodynamic treatment facility in Stockbridge, MA. Faculty from the Austen Riggs Center will join course sessions via Zoom throughout the academic year to present on a variety of psychoanalytic topics unique to their milieu as well as to provide consultation for ongoing clinical cases being presented in this seminar.  In addition, the class will travel to the Austen Riggs Center once in the fall semester and once in the spring semester.

  • 18:821:623 - Introduction to Neuropsychological Assessment

    Studies the relationship between brain function and behavior. Major topics include anatomy and physiology of the brain, behavioral functions associated with the cerebral hemispheres and lobes, behavioral presentations of common neurological and psychiatric conditions, administration and interpretation of the most commonly used neuropsychological tests and batteries, and diagnostic examination for brain dysfunction.

  • 18:821:624 - Theory and Practice of CBT II

    Currently Not Available

  • 18:821:625 - Theory and Practice of CBT I

    Required of all first-year Ph.D. students in the clinical program; open to selected students from the Psy.D. program. Provides comprehensive and in-depth coverage of cognitive behavior therapy for adult clinical disorders. The guiding principles of social learning (social cognitive) theory are emphasized. Consistent with the philosophy of the clinical Ph.D. program, the course integrates theory, research methodology, and clinical application.

  • 18:821:626 - Evidence-Based Treatment: Dissemination, Implementation, and Scalability

    Patients are not receiving evidence-based treatments in routine clinical care. Even when patients do receive these treatments they may not be optimally implemented. The course focuses on barriers to improved implementation such as the striking lack of research on training for empirically-supported psychosocial interventions and what might be done to remedy the problems. Innovative implementation strategies that are also scalable include the creative use of technology guided self-help, and task-sharing with non-specialized health care providers. Other topics include the train-the-trainer approach, community-based partnership research, and cultural adaptation of empirically-supported treatments.æ

  • 18:821:630 - Assessment and Treatment of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism

    Provides an overview of theory and research on the nature, assessment, and treatment of alcohol problems, abuse, and dependence. Includes models to conceptualize how people with drinking problems change, approaches to assessment, and models of treatment. Drug abuse is covered somewhat as well. Evidence-based practice in the treatment and assessment of substance-abuse disorders is emphasized. An experiential element is included as part of the coursework for the class. This can be in the form of a clinic substance-abuse case, a self-change project, and/or several other options for experience with substance-abuse treatment.æ

  • 18:821:631 - Behavioral Medicine

    Provides an introduction to the nature of behavioral medicine and a selective focus on the implementation of applied behavioral interventions for specific health-related problems.

  • 18:821:633 - Existential, Phenomenological, and Hermeneutic Approaches to Clinical Psychology

    An introduction to existential, phenomenological, and hermeneutic (interpretive) approaches to clinical psychology and psychiatry, and, more generally, to the humanistic tradition in psychology. The goal of these approaches is to offer a rich and accurate account of subjective life--of "what it is like" to be a particular individual or type of person (especially those with mental disorders). The course includes discussion of the relevant philosophical background, but with a focus on applications to psychopathology, psychotherapy, and other topics in clinical psychology.  In the past, readings have included philosophers (selected from the following: Heidegger, Merleau-Ponty, Sartre, Foucault) and various psychiatrists and psychologists: (Jaspers, Binswanger, Minkowski, Blankenburg, Schachtel, Lacan, and Laing). Student interests are taken into account in the selection of topics.

  • 18:821:634 - The Schizophrenia Spectrum: Multidisciplinary Perspectives

    Provides a comprehrensive introduction to schizophrenia and the schizophrenia spectrum of disorders, with a focus on the nature of the psychopathology, its causes, and current psychological forms of treatment. Emphasis will be placed on considering these disorders from a variety of different perspectives, including psychology, cognitive science, psychiatry, phenomenology, philosophy, and cultural anthropology. Special attention will be paid to the subjective dimension--the patient's own experience of, and perspective on, his or her illness.

  • 18:821:635 - Integrative Couple Therapy I

    Students will learn the theoretical and empirical bases of various modalities of couples therapy, such as Behavioral Couple Therapy, Emotionally Focused Therapy, Imago, Experiential/Body-Based Treatment, and the Gottman Method. Students will also learn about treating couples using systems- and multiculturally-informed perspectives. To facilitate application of the material, students will review tape of real couples therapy sessions and may have the option to take on their own couple case. Special topics include trauma, mindfulness/self-regulation, individual psychopathology, family caregiving (kids, parents, extended family), sex therapy, infidelity, intimate partner violence, and separation/divorce. Students will have the opportunity to take this as a year-long course to receive comprehensive training in couple therapy. However, students have the option of taking either semester of this course, depending on scheduling availability and interests in topics

  • 18:821:636 - Integrative Couple Therapy II

    Students will learn the theoretical and empirical bases of various modalities of couples therapy, such as Behavioral Couple Therapy, Emotionally Focused Therapy, Imago, Experiential/Body-Based Treatment, and the Gottman Method. Students will also learn about treating couples using systems- and multiculturally-informed perspectives. To facilitate application of the material, students will review tape of real couples therapy sessions and may have the option to take on their own couple case. Special topics include trauma, mindfulness/self-regulation, individual psychopathology, family caregiving (kids, parents, extended family), sex therapy, infidelity, intimate partner violence, and separation/divorce. Students will have the opportunity to take this as a year-long course to receive comprehensive training in couple therapy. However, students have the option of taking either semester of this course, depending on scheduling availability and interests in topics covered.

  • 18:821:637 - Basic Principles and Methods of Psychoanalytic Therapy

    Introduction to standard psychoanalytic therapy, described via case presentation and literature from the domains of ego psychology, self-psychology, the relational movement, and control-mastery theory. Overview of psychodynamic approaches to problems involving neurotic, borderline, psychotic, and post-traumatic conditions. Topics include the analytic attitude, the real relationship, the working alliance, transference and countertransference, resistance, and phases of treatment.

  • 18:821:639 - Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy

    Psychodynamic understanding and technique as applied to the short-term treatment (10 to 35 sessions) of selected clients; current models of practice based on either drive/structural, relational, cognitive/dynamic, or integrative concepts; and theory and application demonstrated through use of videotapes. Discussion topics include psychotherapy integration, transference and resistance, curative factors, research approaches, gender and sociocultural factors, and values and visions in psychotherapy. Therapy case with supervision required.æ

  • 18:821:640 - Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy

    Psychodynamic understanding and technique as applied to the short-term treatment (10 to 35 sessions) of selected clients; current models of practice based on either drive/structural, relational, cognitive/dynamic, or integrative concepts; and theory and application demonstrated through use of videotapes. Discussion topics include psychotherapy integration, transference and resistance, curative factors, research approaches, gender and sociocultural factors, and values and visions in psychotherapy. Therapy case with supervision required.æ

  • 18:821:643 - Advanced Analytic Supervision

    For advanced students seeing clients in long-term, analytically influenced therapy. Students present their work for help in the areas of dynamic and diagnostic formulations, analysis of transference and resistance configurations, exploration of individual and group countertransference, and counterresistance phenomena.

    Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.

  • 18:821:644 - Multicultural Supervision

    Advanced students seeing diverse clients in cross-cultural therapy will present their work for help in areas of cross-cultural formulation and treatment. Cultural diversity is defined broadly, including differences (between client and therapist) in race, ethnicity, national status, religion, and sexual identity. The supervision will emphasize self-awareness in the therapist regarding his or her own cultural beliefs and assumptions, and facilitate a cross-cultural understanding of individual and group transference, counter transference, and resistance configurations to enhance treatment effectiveness. Although the focus will largely be on individual and couples cases, students interested in presenting cross-cultural group therapy or outreach activities are also welcome.

  • 18:821:645 - Advanced Group Therapy Supervision

    For students who have special interest in group psychotherapy. Includes discussion of groups being lead or co-lead at the GSAPP clinic or at students' practicum sites. Discussions will include treatment group's content and process, leadership and co-leadership issues, transference and counter-transference issues, and parallel process issues that may emerge within the context of the supervision group. To highlight certain learning points, the supervision group's process may be explored as well. Students must be leading or co-leading a psychotherapy group, or be willing to start a group during the semester. Additionally, students must be willing to participate in the preliminary activities (promoting the group, screening candidates, etc.) required for starting a psychotherapy group.

  • 18:821:647 - Advanced Couples Therapy Supervision

    For those with special interest in couples therapy. Includes training for, and supervision of, couples therapy provided in the GSAPP clinic. Its primary focus will be upon emotionally focused couples therapy, Susan Johnson's empirically supported model, though contributions of other models will be discussed as well. Training modalities will include didactic training, viewing of training tapes, review of students' videotaped cases, and role playing of couple/therapist interactions.

    Prerequisite: Permission of instructor, with preference being given to students who have taken Behavioral Couples Therapy or Family Therapy or have previous experience in couples therapy.     

  • 18:821:648 - Professional Identity Development and Presentation

    The supervision will focus on professional skill development in clarifying ones professional identity, and representing oneself and ones clinical work in writing and in interviews for APA-accredited internships, postdoctoral fellowships, licensure, and employment. Class activities will include interactive exercises and individualized and group guidance and coaching.

  • 18:821:649 - Current Science and Practice within the LGBTQ Communities

    This course is an extension of GSAPP’s 821:650 (GLBT Clinical Issues) and 821:650 (Gender and Psychotherapy) and provides in depth review of the psychological literature as it pertains This course is an extension of GSAPP’s 821:650 (GLBT Clinical Issues) and 821:650 (Gender and Psychotherapy) and provides in depth review of the psychological literature as it pertains to the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer (LGBTQ) communities. While the LGBTQ communities present with diverse challenges, the sociopolitical perspective has combined the groups as one community, and this course will differentiate issues between the groups, highlight the main clinical presentations, assess treatment modalities specific to the LGBTQ experience, and review the evidence-based research within the practice of applied and professional psychology with the LGBTQ communities. to the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer (LGBTQ) communities. While the LGBTQ communities present with diverse challenges, the sociopolitical perspective has combined the groups as one community, and this course will differentiate issues between the groups, highlight the main clinical presentations, assess treatment modalities specific to the LGBTQ experience, and review the evidence-based research within the practice of applied and professional psychology with the LGBTQ communities.

  • 18:821:650 - Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender Clinical Issues

    This course is intended to focus on the psychological experiences of gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender (GLBT) populations. Topics in clinical practice to be covered include: GLBT sensitivity when assessing and treating clients, the effects of heterosexism and prejudice, variations on the coming out process, diversity within the GLBT community, bullying in schools and online, the impact of the social and legal evolution of marriage and familiarization with sexual/health topics relevant in working with GLBT clients. The course will have both didactic and experiential group process components.

  • 18:821:653 - Clinical Practicum Supervision

    Biweekly group supervision to discuss cases and issues that arise in practicum settings.

  • 18:821:654 - Clinical Practicum Supervision

    Biweekly group supervision to discuss cases and issues that arise in practicum settings.

  • 18:821:657 - Internship in Clinical Psychology

    Required for all Psy.D. students in the clinical psychology program, usually during the fourth or fifth year of training. Provides a 12-month (1,750 hours) supervised experience in a setting determined by the program chair and the student.

  • 18:821:658 - Internship in Clinical Psychology

    Required for all Psy.D. students in the clinical psychology program, usually during the fourth or fifth year of training. Provides a 12-month (1,750 hours) supervised experience in a setting determined by the program chair and the student.

  • 18:821:659 - Part-Time Internship in Clinical Psychology

    For students who have approval to complete the supervised experience over a two-year period. Register for 2 credits in the fall and 1 credit in the spring semester, totaling 3 credits each year.æ

  • 18:821:665 - Seminar in Sex Therapy

    Principles of sexual therapy; includes medical aspects and couples/interpersonal therapy, in addition to CBT. The new pharmacology and sexology. Cultural and interpersonal perspectives. Biopsychosocial formulation of sexual problems. Assessment and treatment strategies. Male and female sexual dysfunction. Rise of cognitive and educational interventions. Treatment outcomes. Legal, ethical, and professional issues

  • 18:821:668 - Advanced Cognitive-Behavioral Supervision

    Cases presented; discussions focus on assessment and intervention methods.

  • 18:821:669 - Advanced Cognitive-Behavioral Supervision

    Cases presented; discussions focus on assessment and intervention methods.